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 Primary Hemostasis |
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Inherited or Acquired Disorders
Inherited disorders affecting primary hemostasis
include disorders of the vascular system and disorders
of platelet function. Disorders of the vascular
system affect the involvement of the blood vessels
in hemostasis and may be due to abnormality in or
damage to the endothelial lining or subendothelial
structures. Such disorders may be inherited, such
as hereditary telangiectasia and Marfan’s
syndrome, or acquired, such as scurvy or Cushing
syndrome.1
Disorders of platelet function affect the ability
of platelets to form the primary hemostatic plug.
Such disorders are categorized as either quantitative
or qualitative. In quantitative platelet disorders,
platelet count is either too low (thrombocytopenia)
or too high (thrombocytosis). Thrombocytopenia may
arise from increased destruction of platelets due
to immune (e.g., idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
and nonimmune mechanisms or decreased platelet production.
Thrombocytosis may result from a defect in the control
mechanism for platelet production.1
Qualitative platelet disorders involve inherited
or acquired abnormalities in any phase of platelet
function, resulting in a defect in the primary hemostatic
plug. Inherited abnormalities may affect platelet
adhesion (e.g., von Willebrand disease [vWD]), platelet
aggregation (e.g., Glanzmann Thrombasthenia, or
platelet secretion (e.g., Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome).1
Acquired disorders of platelet function may result
from the effect of certain drugs on normal platelet
function. Antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin, ADP
antagonists, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors) are
commonly responsible for abnormal platelet function.
While the effect of these drugs in patients with
normal hemostatic function is minimal, patients
with abnormal hemostatic function face elevated
risk of bleeding symptoms.1,2
To learn more how to cost-effectively and efficiently
identify these disorders, click
here.
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